*Karnataka* is a state in southern India known for its rich history, diverse culture, and economic significance. Formed on November 1, 1956, it was originally called *Mysore State* before being renamed in 1973. The capital city, *Bengaluru (Bangalore)*, is India's leading tech and innovation hub, often called the "Silicon Valley of India."
Karnataka shares borders with Goa, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala. The state has three major geographical zones: the *coastal region, the **Western Ghats (Malnad), and the **Deccan Plateau (Bayalu Seeme). The **Krishna* and *Cauvery* are major rivers flowing through the state.
Historically, Karnataka was home to powerful empires such as the *Chalukyas, **Hoysalas, **Vijayanagara Empire, and **Wodeyars of Mysore. It has many UNESCO World Heritage Sites like **Hampi* and *Pattadakal*.
Karnataka is linguistically diverse, but *Kannada* is the official and widely spoken language. The state has a vibrant cultural heritage, including classical music, dance (like *Yakshagana), and festivals like **Dasara* in Mysuru. Traditional art forms include *Mysore painting* and *Channapatna toys*.
The economy is driven by *IT, biotechnology, aerospace, and **agriculture. Bengaluru houses global tech companies and startups, while cities like **Mysuru, **Hubballi, and **Mangaluru* contribute to trade and industry.
Tourism is significant, with attractions like *Coorg, **Jog Falls, **Bandipur National Park, and **Shravanabelagola. Karnataka is also known for its cuisine, including **bisibele bath, **ragi mudde, and **Mysore pak*.
Educationally, it hosts premier institutions like *IISc, **IIM Bangalore, and **Manipal University*. With its mix of ancient traditions and modern development, Karnataka plays a key role in India's cultural and economic landscape.